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Amendement 49 — après art. 4 #194

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Frédéric-Pierre Vos
6a93427023 Amendement 49 — après art. 4 
Dispositif :

    Après l'article L. 600‑1‑4 du code de l'urbanisme, il est inséré un article L. 600‑1‑5 ainsi rédigé :
    « Art. L. 600‑1‑5 . – Pour tout recours contentieux ou demande de déféré exercé contre une décision relative à l'occupation ou à l'utilisation du sol régie par le présent code, le ministère d'avocat est obligatoire.
    « Cette obligation ne s'applique pas aux services de l'État. »

Exposé sommaire :

    Cet amendement tend à étendre l'obligation de constituer avocat dans tous les litiges relatifs l'occupation ou l'utilisation du sol devant les différents degrés de juridiction administratives.
    Le ministère d'avocat n'est pour le moment pas obligatoire en cette matière, le code de Justice administrative réservant en effet cette obligation au seul contentieux indemnitaire. Par essence, le législateur considère que le recours en excès de pouvoir est un recours citoyen et qu'il n'impose pas l'assistance d'un professionnel du droit.
    Cette dispense est pourtant une des multiples causes du contentieux de l'urbanisme.
    La plupart des requérants confondent préjudice d'agrément et moyens de légalité en droit administratif.
    Dans l'esprit des justiciables, la confusion entre trouble anormal et délivrance du permis est un postulat enraciné. La réforme de l'intérêt pour agir qui exige un grief privé pour déposer un recours, a aggravé cette confusion.
    Les moyens sont souvent mal articulés et lorsqu'il s'agit de recours à visée pécuniaire, le promoteur n'a pas toujours en face de lui un professionnel du droit.
    Les associations sont désormais moins nombreuses à agir que dans les années 1990, depuis la réforme la loi n° 2018-1021 du 23 novembre 2018 qui a imposé le dépôt de leur statut plus d'un an avant la création du permis de construire.
    Mais pour celles qui existent, l'exigence de la présence d'un avocat ne sera pas un obstacle à l'exercice de leur objet social car elles y sont déjà habituées.
    Libre au tribunal d'adapter les condamnations de l'article L760-1 du Code de justice administrative lorsqu'une partie succombe.
    Ce sera une avancée équitable dans le cadre de ce contentieux.
    L'aide juridictionnelle est par ailleurs ouverte aux personnes les plus modestes.

Sort : Rejeté | Déposé le 12/05/2025
Source : https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/opendata/AMANR5L17PO838901BTC1378P0D1N000049.xml

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 2025-05-12 12:00:00 +02:00